The National Green Tribunal (NGT) has sought the government’s response regarding the impact of artificial lighting at night on human health and the environment. The tribunal issued this directive while hearing a petition raising concerns about the harmful effects of excessive artificial illumination on ecosystems and human well-being.
Background
Artificial light at night, often used for urban infrastructure, advertising, and residential purposes, has been a growing concern for environmentalists and health experts. Studies have highlighted its role in disrupting natural ecosystems, affecting nocturnal wildlife, and altering the behavior of various species.
The petitioner argued that artificial lighting not only contributes to ecological imbalances but also poses serious health risks, such as sleep disorders, hormonal disturbances, and increased stress among humans. The plea emphasized the need for a comprehensive policy to mitigate these effects.
Key Concerns Raised
Environmental Impact
- Disruption of Ecosystems: Artificial light alters natural cycles, especially for nocturnal animals, affecting their feeding, reproduction, and navigation patterns.
- Impact on Flora and Fauna: Prolonged exposure to artificial light has been linked to changes in plant growth and animal behavior, potentially disrupting entire ecosystems.
Human Health
- Circadian Rhythm Disturbance: Excessive light exposure at night disrupts the body’s internal clock, leading to sleep disorders and health issues like obesity and depression.
- Health Risks: Studies have associated artificial light with higher risks of chronic conditions, including cardiovascular diseases and certain cancers.
Tribunal’s Directions
The NGT directed the central and state governments to:
- Assess Impacts: Submit scientific studies or reports detailing the effects of artificial light on the environment and human health.
- Policy Framework: Consider implementing policies to regulate artificial lighting, including guidelines for urban areas, public spaces, and advertising.
- Awareness Campaigns: Promote public awareness on the importance of reducing artificial light exposure, especially at night.
Implications
Environmental Conservation
The tribunal’s intervention highlights the need to prioritize ecological sustainability by addressing the overlooked issue of light pollution. Mitigating artificial light exposure could aid in restoring natural ecosystems and preserving biodiversity.
Public Health Focus
By addressing health concerns related to artificial light, the ruling could pave the way for preventive measures, promoting healthier living environments and reducing disease risks.
Regulatory Development
The directive may lead to the formulation of stricter guidelines for urban planning, street lighting, and commercial advertisements to minimize light pollution.
Conclusion
The NGT’s call for government action on the adverse effects of artificial light underscores the importance of addressing light pollution as a multifaceted issue affecting both human health and the environment. The directive marks a significant step toward sustainable urban development and environmental conservation, urging policymakers to prioritize measures that balance progress with ecological harmony.